sr-users March 2025

sr-users@lists.kamailio.org

44 participants
35 discussions

[Serusers] Digest Authentication with Tenor DX
by Ashutosh Kumar 29 Apr '25

29 Apr '25

Hi, Does someone have any idea/experience with Quintum DX radius server's support for digest mode authentication. The Access-Request packets sent by SER are getting an error back. Guide. Regards, Ashutosh Kumar Chetu, Inc. Ph : 1(305) 402 6724 - Witin US Ph : 91 120 5323340 - Outside US Fax:1 (305) 832 5987 For more information, please visit http://www.chetu.com

2 1

How to place a delay between cancelling branch and retrying next one on timer expiry?
by Alex A 15 Apr '25

15 Apr '25

Hi All, I have an interesting use-case where I need to place a delay between cancelling branch and retrying next one. *Background: * Running Kamailio 5.6.x Kamailio routes requests via a freeswitch B2BUA server on select call flows (where B2BUA functionality is required). Call flow examples: PSTN --> Kamailio --> Freeswitch --> appserver1 PSTN --> Kamailio --> Freeswitch --> appserver2 On attempt failures, a branch retry is required from appserver1 to appserver2; however freeswitch B2BUA remains the same Since Freeswitch does not quite follow the RFC 3261 timer K specifications (should be 0 seconds for reliable transports, but FS keeps transactions for T4 (set to 2 seconds)); I have implemented an artificial delay in failure route before retrying (as per recommendation described here: https://freeswitch-users.freeswitch.narkive.com/TsSye66D/482-request-merged… ) *Script config: * onreply_route[MANAGE_REPLY] { xlog("L_INFO", "reply $T_reply_code received"); if (t_check_status( "1[1-9][0-9]")) { t_reset_fr(); } else { t_set_fr(120000); } } route(NATDETECT); #!ifdef WITH_RTPENGINE route(RTPMANAGE); #!endif } route[RELAY] { if (is_method("INVITE|BYE|SUBSCRIBE|UPDATE")) { if(!t_is_set("branch_route")) t_on_branch("MANAGE_BRANCH"); } if (is_method("INVITE|SUBSCRIBE|UPDATE")) { if(!t_is_set("onreply_route")) t_on_reply("MANAGE_REPLY"); } if(is_method("INVITE|BYE|UPDATE|CANCEL|ACK")) { setflag(FLT_DLGINFO); } if (!t_relay()) { sl_reply_error(); } exit; } route[TOCARRIER] { process bunch of things, attach custom headers, generate request URI t_on_failure("MANAGE_FAILURE_CARRIER"); route(RELAY); } failure_route[MANAGE_FAILURE_CARRIER] { xlog("L_INFO", "reply $T_reply_code received"); if ($avp(inbound_attempt)<=1){ if ($dlg_var(b2bua)=="true"){ usleep(1900000); } route("TOCARRIER"); } *Call Flows: * The above fix works well when an explicit error reply is received back. *error reply SIP exchange: * SBC --> INVITE(branch0) ---> Freeswitch SBC <-- 503 <-- Freeswitch failure_route executed (sleep runs here) SBC --> INVITE(branch1) ---> Freeswitch call continues as expected. however does not work when NO reply is received at all and the timer expires. *Current timer expiry SIP exchange: * SBC --> INVITE(branch0) ---> Freeswitch SBC <-- 100/180 <-- Freeswitch SBC (timer expires) failure_route executed (sleep runs here) SBC --> INVITE(branch1) ---> Freeswitch SBC <-- 482 Merged <-- Freeswitch SBC --> CANCEL(branch0) ---> Freeswitch I am looking to CANCEL branch0 before the sleep delay runs Based on source code, t_cancel_branches("this") can only be executed in reply_route; however the chellenge is that reply_route never sees the "faked 408" on timer expiry(although the failure route does see $T_reply_code 408). Any suggestions on how to handle this would be greatly appreciated. TIA

6 11

DMQ read message too large
by Calvin E. 31 Mar '25

31 Mar '25

We are seeing errors like this when synchronizing htables over DMQ: ERROR: <core> [core/udp_server.c:677]: udp_rcv_loop(): read message too large: 60793 We have no issues with other UDP fragments caused by STIR/SHAKEN headers. Our socket buffers are sufficiently large (SO_RCVBUF is initially 26214400). Does DMQ have a receive message size limit less than what it can send? Is DMQ intended for htables under a certain total size? We tried to configure DMQ to use a TCP listener with ;transport=tcp on the notification and server address, but the DMQ traffic was still sent as UDP. The example in the documentation shows TLS, but we haven't tried that. -Calvin E.

2 3

Intermediate CDRs
by Sergio Charrua 31 Mar '25

31 Mar '25

Hi all! I have been googling, and reading documentation, but I could not find any solution. How can I implement intermediate CDRs with Kamailio ACC module (or any other module) ? For example, on long duration calls, I 'm required to save call status on a CDR, resulting in intermediate CDR lines for the call (which will result in multiple CDR lines per long duration calls). Any clue on how to implement this? Did anyone achieved that with Kamailio ACC module? Atenciosamente / Kind Regards / Cordialement / Un saludo, *Sérgio Charrua*

4 3

Multiple code modules
by David Cunningham 28 Mar '25

28 Mar '25

Hello, We have a requirement to load two code modules for use by kamailio.cfg, the reason being that we can't (won't, for business reasons) modify the first module and so need to add a second for our own code. Ideally we would load two Perl modules instead of the single module that's currently loaded like this: modparam( "app_perl", "filename", "/path/to/our/custom/Kamailio.pm" ) But I'm not sure how to load two modules like this. Otherwise, does anyone know if it's safe to load both a Perl module and a Python module? Then we could at least implement both required parts, one in Perl and one in Python. Thanks in advance for any help. -- David Cunningham, Voisonics Limited http://voisonics.com/ USA: +1 213 221 1092 New Zealand: +64 (0)28 2558 3782

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[ratelimit module] doubts about behavior
by juliofabian6385＠hotmail.es 26 Mar '25

26 Mar '25

I am reading https://kamailio.org/docs/modules/devel/modules/ratelimit.html and I want Kamailio, before an avalanche of calls (INVITE), to start discarding calls that exceed a threshold in 1 second, for example. So in summary I have prepared the module as follows: loadmodule "ratelimit.so" modparam("ratelimit", "timer_interval",1) modparam("ratelimit", "pipe", "1:TAILDROP:10") request_route { . . if (is_method("INVITE")) { if (!rl_check_pipe("1")) { sl_send_reply("503","Limiting"); exit; } } . . } As I understand from the documentation, this gives me a counter (one per INVITE) equal to 10, which resets after 1 second. In other words, if I receive 30 INVITES in 1 second, it will discard 20. From here, I have two questions between what I understand and what I see in the logs. FIRST QUESTION: I've made several SIPP calls in one second. I've run several tests, and the first reset of the counter always happens approximately timer_interval/2. From then on, the counter resets exactly every timer_interval. Am I doing something wrong? ########## RUNNING LOGS ########## 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509696381Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/cfg.y:2165]: yyparse(): loading module ratelimit.so 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509698675Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/sr_module.c:533]: ksr_locate_module(): found module to load </usr/lib/kamailio/modules/ratelimit.so> 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509702249Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/sr_module.c:587]: ksr_load_module(): trying to load </usr/lib/kamailio/modules/ratelimit.so> 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509704682Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/kemi.c:3463]: sr_kemi_modules_add(): adding module: ratelimit 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509707031Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/cfg.lex:2095]: pp_define(): defining id: MOD_ratelimit 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509815384Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/modparam.c:112]: set_mod_param_regex(): 'ratelimit' matches module 'ratelimit' 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509817770Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/sr_module.c:850]: find_param_export(): found <timer_interval> in module ratelimit [/usr/lib/kamailio/modules/ratelimit.so] 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509820319Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/modparam.c:135]: set_mod_param_regex(): found <timer_interval> in module ratelimit [/usr/lib/kamailio/modules/ratelimit.so] 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509822755Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/modparam.c:112]: set_mod_param_regex(): 'ratelimit' matches module 'ratelimit' 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509825068Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/sr_module.c:850]: find_param_export(): found <pipe> in module ratelimit [/usr/lib/kamailio/modules/ratelimit.so] 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509827468Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/modparam.c:135]: set_mod_param_regex(): found <pipe> in module ratelimit [/usr/lib/kamailio/modules/ratelimit.so] 2025-03-26T18:59:20.509829943Z 0(1) DEBUG: ratelimit [ratelimit.c:925]: parse_pipe_params(): pipe: [1|TAILDROP|10] 2025-03-26T18:59:20.510800378Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/sr_module.c:758]: find_mod_export_record(): found export of <rl_check_pipe> in module ratelimit [/usr/lib/kamailio/modules/ratelimit.so] 2025-03-26T18:59:20.519776933Z 0(1) DEBUG: <core> [core/sr_module.c:1031]: init_mod(): ratelimit ########## LOGS WHEN APPLY RATELIMIT ########## 2025-03-26T19:01:02.095676663Z 1(7) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 1-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:861]: w_rl_check_forced_pipe(): trying pipe 1 2025-03-26T19:01:02.095679040Z 1(7) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 1-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:830]: rl_check(): meth=INVITE queue=0 pipe=1 algo=2 limit=10 pkg_load=0 counter=1 load=0.0 network_load=0 => ACCEPT . . 2025-03-26T19:01:02.272879226Z 2(8) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 10-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:861]: w_rl_check_forced_pipe(): trying pipe 1 2025-03-26T19:01:02.272881671Z 2(8) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 10-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:830]: rl_check(): meth=INVITE queue=0 pipe=1 algo=2 limit=10 pkg_load=0 counter=10 load=0.0 network_load=0 => ACCEPT 2025-03-26T19:01:02.292599816Z 2(8) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 11-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:861]: w_rl_check_forced_pipe(): trying pipe 1 2025-03-26T19:01:02.292602425Z 2(8) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 11-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:830]: rl_check(): meth=INVITE queue=0 pipe=1 algo=2 limit=10 pkg_load=0 counter=11 load=0.0 network_load=0 => DROP . . 2025-03-26T19:01:02.492680874Z 1(7) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 21-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:861]: w_rl_check_forced_pipe(): trying pipe 1 2025-03-26T19:01:02.492694107Z 1(7) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 21-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:830]: rl_check(): meth=INVITE queue=0 pipe=1 algo=2 limit=10 pkg_load=0 counter=21 load=0.0 network_load=0 => DROP 2025-03-26T19:01:02.513079779Z 2(8) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 22-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:861]: w_rl_check_forced_pipe(): trying pipe 1 2025-03-26T19:01:02.513088852Z 2(8) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 22-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:830]: rl_check(): meth=INVITE queue=0 pipe=1 algo=2 limit=10 pkg_load=0 counter=22 load=0.0 network_load=0 => DROP 2025-03-26T19:01:02.532804253Z 1(7) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 23-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:861]: w_rl_check_forced_pipe(): trying pipe 1 2025-03-26T19:01:02.532808087Z 1(7) DEBUG: {1 1 INVITE 23-1(a)192.168.100.15} ratelimit [ratelimit.c:830]: rl_check(): meth=INVITE queue=0 pipe=1 algo=2 limit=10 pkg_load=2 counter=1 load=0.1 network_load=0 => ACCEPT When the countdown restarts, it's "19:01:02.53" hours, and when it started, it was "19:01:02.09" hours. It doesn't reach the second. The drop system works well, but if my limit was 25 calls, I would have accepted the 22 I counted in the first second, plus the other 25 from the second number 2. Second question: There's a warning about a performance penalty in Kamailio when timer_interval is too small, so I've decided to set it to 2 just for practical purposes. So what should happen is that the counter would accept up to 10 calls in 2 seconds. But in the logs, what I see is the opposite: it accepts 20 calls in 2 seconds. Maybe it's supposed to work that way, and I'm misunderstanding the documentation? As optional information: Kamailio is running on a Google virtual machine, 12MB of RAM, 3 processors, 2 of which are dedicated. I'm using SIPP for load testing, and different call rates have been validated before testing the module. Sorry if my first post in this community was too long or is there more information missing :) . Thanks in advance

1 0

kamailio call redirect
by fabienbrou＠alcall.net 26 Mar '25

26 Mar '25

Hello everyone. I'm trying to redirect a call directly through kamailio by modifying the $ru variable. Just wondering if this is the right method or if there is a better way to do it. thanks

4 13

is possible empty actions?
by Sergey Safarov 26 Mar '25

26 Mar '25

I want to use contributions like route[PROXY_MEDIA] { if (is_method("BYE|CANCEL")) { # passing message for RTPengine processing } else if (!sdp_content()) { return; } # more instructions here ... rtpengine_manage(); } Now Kamailio cannot start because first if block has empty actions. How does nothing in the actions? I want to avoid not needed log messages and do not use constructions like if (!sdp_content() and ! is_method("BYE|CANCEL")) { return; }

3 2

Seeking advices on redesigning our VoIP system for scalability and manageability
by Francesco 26 Mar '25

26 Mar '25

Dear all, I hope this email finds you well. I am reaching out to gather insights and suggestions regarding a potential redesign of our VoIP system to improve scalability, ease of management, and upgradeability. *Current Setup:* - Our system is *not multi-tenant* and is based on *Kamailio and FreeSWITCH* in a distributed architecture (as example of distributed architecture, see: https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/UF/E0/04/92/89/00001/THOMPSON_C.pdf). - Everything runs inside *LXC containers* across multiple nodes. - One of the challenges we face is *OS upgrades*, which are cumbersome and require significant manual intervention. - At the moment the code for voip is done with ansible Given these challenges, I am considering whether a *microservices-based architecture* could be a viable option. However, I have some concerns regarding: - *SIP and RTP handling with NATed containers* (e.g., Kubernetes, Docker Swarm) and potential issues with media traversal. - *Performance impact* when shifting real-time traffic handling to containerized environments. - *Upgrade and deployment strategies*—how to achieve smoother, rolling upgrades without service interruptions. - *Alternative approaches* that might be more effective, such as a hybrid model combining LXC with containerized microservices for specific functions. If anyone has experience transitioning a VoIP system to microservices or has insights on best practices for *scalable, maintainable VoIP architectures*, I would greatly appreciate your thoughts. What worked for you? What pitfalls should we be aware of?Do you have any documentation that I can check? Looking forward to learning from your experiences. Thank you. .: Francesco Colista .: Francesco Colista

3 2

TOPOS Issue with Response Handling on two different Interfaces
by Vinayak Makwana 25 Mar '25

25 Mar '25

Hello all, We are facing an issue while configuring TOPOS in Kamailio P-CSCF (running under Docker). Our objective is to strip Via, Record-Route, and Route headers for both INVITE and 180 Ringing responses. However, we observe unexpected behavior when handling the 180 Ringing/200 OK responses. Call Flow & Issue Description: Note: Public IP and Private IP mapping using the below configuration. listen=udp:Local_IP:5060 name "internal" listen=udp:Local_IP:6070 advertise Public_IP:6070 name "external" Call Flow (INVITE): A-Party --> Kamailio P-CSCF (Public IP) --> Kamailio P-CSCF (Private IP) --> Kamailio S-CSCF (Private IP) --> Kamailio P-CSCF (Private IP) --> Kamailio P-CSCF (Public IP) --> B-Party For an incoming *INVITE* (A-Party → B-Party), TOPOS successfully strips the headers when the message flows through the P-CSCF, ensuring proper privacy of routing information. *Issue* : When B-Party sends a 180 Ringing, we observe that Kamailio P-CSCF (Private IP) adds a Record-Route header before forwarding the message to A-Party. Call Flow (180 Ringing): B-Party --> Kamailio P-CSCF (Public IP) --> Kamailio P-CSCF (Private IP) --> Kamailio S-CSCF (Private IP) We need to ensure that the Record-Route and Via headers are stripped properly in both directions. Please guide us how to achieve and what we are doing wrong. TOPOS module is configured as follows: modparam("ndb_redis", "server", "name=srv1;addr=127.0.0.1;port=6379") modparam("topos_redis", "serverid", "srv1") modparam("topos", "storage", "redis") modparam("topos", "contact_mode", 1) modparam("topos", "rr_update", 1) RR module is configured as follows: modparam("rr", "enable_full_lr", 1) modparam("rr", "append_fromtag", 1) configured the below event_route: event_route[topos:msg-outgoing] { xlog("L_INFO","[topos:msg-outgoing]"); if(is_request() and $sndto(ip)=="SCSCF_PRIVATE_IP") { xlog("L_INFO","[topos:msg-outgoing] TOPOS \n"); drop; } } Thanks, Vinayak Makwana -- *Disclaimer* In addition to generic Disclaimer which you have agreed on our website, any views or opinions presented in this email are solely those of the originator and do not necessarily represent those of the Company or its sister concerns. Any liability (in negligence, contract or otherwise) arising from any third party taking any action, or refraining from taking any action on the basis of any of the information contained in this email is hereby excluded. *Confidentiality* This communication (including any attachment/s) is intended only for the use of the addressee(s) and contains information that is PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL. Unauthorized reading, dissemination, distribution, or copying of this communication is prohibited. Please inform originator if you have received it in error. *Caution for viruses, malware etc.* This communication, including any attachments, may not be free of viruses, trojans, similar or new contaminants/malware, interceptions or interference, and may not be compatible with your systems. You shall carry out virus/malware scanning on your own before opening any attachment to this e-mail. The sender of this e-mail and Company including its sister concerns shall not be liable for any damage that may incur to you as a result of viruses, incompleteness of this message, a delay in receipt of this message or any other computer problems.

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sr-users March 2025